DYSBIOTIC GUT MICROBIOTA AND IMPAIRED IMMUNE RESPONSE PROMOTE HEPATIC INFLAMMATION PROGRESSION AND HEPATOCELLULAR CARCINOMA DEVELOPMENT Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) complexity and aggressiveness pose a great challenge for the development of effective preventive and...
A NEW STOOL MICROBIOME-BASED CLASSIFIER THAT CAN PREDICT PANCREATIC CANCER WITH HIGH ACCURACY AND SPECIFICITY Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the most prevalent neoplastic disease of the pancreas accounting for more than 90% of all pancreatic...
Bariatric surgery as a long-term modulator of gut microbiota Obesity represents one of the most important problems worldwide and is linked to morbidity and mortality. Clinical management of this pathology is based mainly on lifestyle interventions. When the...
MicrobiotaMi Comment 30_21
by Giulia Colombo
Age-related cognitive decline is associated with chronic low grade neuroinflammation that may result from a complex interplay among many factors, such as bidirectional communication between the central nervous system (CNS) and gut microbiota. This usually occurs through the immune, the neuroendocrine and the vagal pathways. Wu et al. compared 2-month-old (young) and 15-month-old (aged) mice to explore …
MicrobiotaMi Comment 29_21
by Martina Morandi
Extrinsic factors, such as lifestyle, diet, medication, physical activity, are essential in the control of human healthy aging and they can have a significant impact on gut microbiota. The latter is not a static entity, but it changes throughout the lifespan becoming increasingly unique to individuals with age. Several studies have investigating the gut microbiota of centenarians and supercentenarians showing that even if …
MicrobiotaMi Comment 28_21
by Federica Spaggiari
A large amount of bacteria colonize healthy mucosal tissue of the human body from early life and create a symbiotic relationship with the host organism. The commensal flora composition varies between individuals and life stages. More recently, tumour-resident bacteria has captured the attention of the scientific community. Indeed, multiple studies are focused on understanding the role of specific microbial populations within …
MicrobiotaMi Comment 27_21
by Federica Spaggiari
Clostridioides difficile is a Gram positive, spore-forming and ubiquitous anaerobe that can be easily found in the soil. C. difficile is a member of the normal human gut flora even if its growth and activity are suppressed by more dominant anaerobes in healthy conditions. The rate of gut colonization varies among age groups. In particular, it is abundant during infancy,….
MicrobiotaMi Comment 26_21
by Stefania Blasa
The gut microbiota has a crucial role in the development of brain, gut and immune system. Alterations in its components could induce several diseases, such as gastrointestinal disease, irritable bowel syndrome and psychological disorders such as depression and autism. The bidirectional communication between gut and brain through the microbiota-gut-brain …
MicrobiotaMi Comment 25_21
by Benedetta Sposito
It is well known that the microbiota influences the development and skewing of the intestinal immune system. Among the multiplicity of innate and adaptive immune cells that colonize the intestine, regulatory T cells (Tregs) are critical for maintaining tissue homeostasis and tolerance to commensal bacteria. Previous reports have described the ability of specific commensals to induce differentiation of RORγ+ Tregs in the mouse colon. Interestingly, these microbial …
MicrobiotaMi Comment 24_21
by Giulia Colombo
The new-born human gut is like a desert island for the microbiota: in fact, it evolves predictably with pioneer species colonizing the gut after birth, followed by an ordered succession of microorganisms. This colonizing process can be studied in a privileged manner in preterm infants, as well as the potentially shaping influences of the environment, the host and interactions …